The Horizons

Horizons of Focus: Getting Things Done by David Allen

David Allen’s Getting Things Done (GTD) methodology includes a model called the “Horizons of Focus” that helps individuals and organizations manage their goals and priorities at different levels. This model is designed to provide a structured approach to thinking about and organizing tasks and objectives from daily responsibilities to life’s long-term visions. Here’s a brief explanation of each of the six horizons:

  1. Horizon 0 / Ground – Calendar / Actions
    1. immediate tasks at hand. actions you are currently doing or that need to be done asap. Bulk of daily work, answering emails, making calls, and completing tasks that don’t necessarily require significant planning.
  2. Horizon 1 – Projects
    1. Projects – Any outcome requiring more than one action step and can be completed within a year. Managing all the projects you are currently committed to, ensuring that each has clear next steps and desired outcomes.
  3. Horizon 2 – Areas of Focus and Accountability
    1. Different areas of your life or work for which you need to maintain standards and achieve results. Roles, responsibilities, and spheres of influence, such as health, finances, work departments, family commitments, and personal development.
  4. Horizon 3 – One to Two Year Goals and Objectives
    1. Define and review goals and objectives that are expected to be achieved within the next one to two years. Larger outcomes that guide projects and responsibilities, helping to shape the direction of your work and personal life.
  5. Horizon 4 – Three to Five Year Vision
    1. Broader life and career aspirations that you aim to achieve within the next three to five years. Envisioning your future and setting a course for where you want to be, which influences the goals and projects you decide to pursue.
  6. Horizon 5 – Purpose and Principles
    1. Highest horizon focuses on your life’s purpose, core values, and long-term vision. The “big picture” view of your life, including what you want to achieve in the long run and what legacy you wish to leave. This horizon helps to align all other levels, ensuring that your immediate actions and short-term goals are in service of your deeper, enduring objectives.